Civil Engineering Formulas
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Hi Civil Engineers, As there many formulae in civil engineering subject many authors consolidated and gathered all the important formulae in a single book. In this post, we are suggesting you with the best civil engineering formula material which will help you to revise the formulas.
Civil Engineering FormulasCivil Engineering Formulas - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt /.pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Engineering Formulas m 1 km = 1.8 ºF T F Numbers Less Than One Numbers Greater Than One Power of 10 Prefix Abbreviation Power of 10 Prefix Abbreviation 10-1 deci- d 101 deca- da 10-2 centi- 2c 10 hecto- h 10- 3milli- m 10 kilo- k 10-6 micro- µ 106 Mega- M 10-9 nano- n 109 Giga- G 10-12 pico.
This book contains
- Beam formulas
- Column formulas
- Piles and Piling formulas
- Concrete formulas
- Timber engineering formulas
- Surveying formulas
- Soil and Earthwork formulas
- Building and structures formulas
- Bridge and suspension cable formulas
- Highway and road formulas
- Hydraulics and waterworks formulas
- Stormwater, sewage, sanitary wastewater and Environmental protection formulas
About the Author:
Tyler G. Hicks, P.E., is a consulting engineer and a successful engineering book author. He has worked in plant design and operation in a variety of industries, taught at several engineering schools, and lectured both in the United States and abroad. Mr Hicks holds a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering from Cooper Union School of Engineering in New York. He is the author of more than 100 books in engineering and related fields. Drivers acer acerpower 6100.
Civil Engineering Formulas book by Tyler G. Hicks:-
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Civil Engineering Formulas And Graphs
Cantilever Beam Stiffness
Formula Used:
Stiffness (k) = (3 × E × I ) / l3
Where,
E - Young's Modulus
I - Area Moment of Inertia
l - Length
Related Calculator:
Colebrook White Equation
Formula :
where,
S - hydraulic gradient,
v - kinematic viscosity of water,
D - Internal diameter,
Ks - Roughness coefficient,
g = 9.81 m/s2,
A - Area of section.
Related Calculator:
Cantilever Beam Slope, Deflection With Couple Moment
Formula Used:
Slope at free end = ML / EI
Deflection at any section = Mx2 / 2EI
Where,
M is the couple moment at the free end,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
L is the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load.
Related Calculator:
Cantilever Beam Slope, Deflection with Uniformly Distributed Load
Formula Used:
Slope at free end = PL3 / 6EI
Deflection at any section = Px2( x3 + 6L2 - 4Lx ) / 24EI
Where,
P is the externally applied load,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
L is the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load
Related Calculator:
Cantilever Beam Slope, Deflection for Uniform Load
Formula Used:
Slope at free end = P0L3 / 6EI
Deflection at any section = P0x2 ( x3 + 6L2 - 4Lx ) / 24EI
P0 = PL / (L-x)
Where,
P0 is the Maximum intensity,
P is the Externally applied load,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
L is the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load.
Slope at free end = P0L3 / 6EI
Deflection at any section = P0x2 ( x3 + 6L2 - 4Lx ) / 24EI
P0 = PL / (L-x)
Where,
P0 is the Maximum intensity,
P is the Externally applied load,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
L is the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load.
Related Calculator:
Cantilever Beam Slope, Deflection for Load at Free End
Formula
Slope at free end = PL2 / 2EI
Deflection at any section = Px2(3L-x) / 6EI
Where,
P is the externally applied load,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
L is the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load
Related Calculator:
Cantilever Beam Slope, Deflection for Load at Any Point
Formula Used:
Slope at free end = Pa2 / 2EI
Deflection at any section = Px2(3a-x) / 6EI(for x less than a)
Deflection at any section = Pa2(3x-a) / 6EI(for a less than x)
Where,
P is the externally applied load,
E is the Elastic Modulus,
I is the Area moment of Inertia,
Lis the Length of the beam and
x is the position of the load
a is the distance of load from one end of the support
Related Calculator:
Feet and Inches Arithmetic
Formula Used:
Multiplication = ( (Value1-ft X 12) + in) X ( (Value2-ft X 12) + in) Addition = ( (Value1-ft X 12) + in) + ( (Value2-ft X 12) + in) Subtraction = ( (Value1-ft X 12) + in) - ( (Value2-ft X 12) + in) Division = ( (Value1-ft X 12) + in) / ( (Value2-ft X 12) + in)
Where,
ft - Feet
in - Inches
Related Calculator:
Flexible Pavement Structural Number
Formula:
L=a1ta + b1tb + c1tsb +d1tad
Where,
L=Structural Number of Flexible pavement,
a1=Layer coefficient for asphalt ,
ta=Asphalt layer thickness,
b1=Layer coefficient of base,
tb=Base layer thickness ,
c1=Layer coefficient of sub-base,
tsb=Sub-base layer thickness,
d1=Layer coefficient of additional layer,
tad=Thickness of additional layer
Related Calculator:
Vertical Curve Offset Distance
Formula Used:
E = [ L x (g2 - g1) ] / 8Where,
E - Vertical Offset
g1 - Initial grade
g2 - Final grade
L - Length of the curve
Related Calculator:
Vertical Curve Length
Formula Used:
Lm = [ S² × (g2 − g1) ] / 864 ∀ S<Lm
Lm = 2S - [ 864 / (g2 − g1) ] ∀ S>Lm
Where,
Lm - Minimum Curve length
g1 - Initial grade
g2 - Final grade
S - Passing Sight Distance
Lm = [ S² × (g2 − g1) ] / 864 ∀ S<Lm
Lm = 2S - [ 864 / (g2 − g1) ] ∀ S>Lm
Where,
Lm - Minimum Curve length
g1 - Initial grade
g2 - Final grade
S - Passing Sight Distance
Related Calculator:
Crest Vertical Curve Length
Formula Used:
Lm = ( A×S² ) / ( 200 × (√h1 + √h2)² ) ∀ S<Lm
Lm = 2S − { ( 200 × (√h1 + √h2)² ) / A } ∀ S>Lm
Where,
A - Absolute difference between g2 and g1
S - Sight Distance
Lm - Minimum Curve Length
h1 - Height of driver's eye above roadway surface
h2 - Height of object above roadway surface
Related Calculator:
SAG Vertical Curve Length
Formula Used:
Lm = ( A×S² ) / ( 200 × (H + S ×tanβ) ) ∀ S<Lm
Lm = 2S − { ( 200 × (H + S ×tanβ) ) / A } ∀ S>Lm
If S > L, then the first formula is used, if L > S, then the second formula is used.
Where,
A - Absolute difference between g2 and g1
S - Sight Distance
Lm - Minimum Curve Length
H - Height of headlight
β - Angle of Headlight Beam
Lm = ( A×S² ) / ( 200 × (H + S ×tanβ) ) ∀ S<Lm
Lm = 2S − { ( 200 × (H + S ×tanβ) ) / A } ∀ S>Lm
If S > L, then the first formula is used, if L > S, then the second formula is used.
Where,
A - Absolute difference between g2 and g1
S - Sight Distance
Lm - Minimum Curve Length
H - Height of headlight
β - Angle of Headlight Beam
Related Calculator:
Rate of Change Vertical Curve
Formula Used:
r = (g2 − g1) / L
Where,
r - Rate of change of grade
g1 - Initial roadway grade
g2 - Final roadway grade
L - Length of the curve
Related Calculator:
Transportation Highways Horizontal Curve
Formula
R = 5729.58 / D
T = R * tan ( A/2 )
L = 100 * ( A/D )
LC = 2 * R *sin (A/2)
E = R ( (1/(cos (A/2) ) ) - 1 ) )
M = R ( 1 - cos (A/2) )
PC = PI - T
PT = PC + L
Where,
D = Degree of Curve, Arc Definition
1° = 1 Degree of Curve
2° = 2 Degrees of Curve
P.C. = Point of Curve
P.T. = Point of Tangent
P.I. = Point of Intersection
A = Intersection Angle, Angle between two tangents
L = Length of Curve, from P.C. to P.T.
T = Tangent Distance
E = External Distance
R = Radius
L.C. = Length of Long Chord
M = Length of Middle Ordinate
c = Length of Sub-Chord
k = Length of Arc for Sub-Chord
d = Angle of Sub-Chord
Related Calculator:
Elevation Point of Vertical Curve
Formula Used:
y = epvc + g1x + [ (g2 − g1) ×x² / 2L ]
Where,
y - elevation of point of vertical tangency
epvc - Initial Elevation
g1 - Initial grade
g2 - Final grade
x/L - Length of the curve
Related Calculator:
Vehicle Stopping Distance
Formula Used:
Stopping Distance =(v×t) + { v² / [2×g×(f±G)] }
Where,
g - gravity (9.8)
v - Vehicle Speed
t - perception Time
G - Grade of Road
f+G - Grade of Uphill
f-G - Grade of Downhill
Related Calculator:
Spiral Curve Tangent Distance
Formula Used:
Y = L − { L5 / ( 40×R²×Ls²) }
Where,
Y - Tangent distance to any point on the spiral
L - Length of spiral from tangent to any point
Ls - Length of spiral
R - Radius of Simple Curve
Related Calculator:
Spiral Curve Deflection Angle
Formula Used:
i = L² / ( 6×R×Ls)
Where,
i - Tangent deflection angle to any point on the curve
L - Length of spiral from tangent to any point
Ls - Length of spiral
R - Radius of Simple Curve
Related Calculator:
Earthwork Cross Sectional Area
Formula Used:
Where,
A - Area of cross section
Xi - Horizontal axis
Yi - Vertical axis
n - Number of points on cross section
Where,
A - Area of cross section
Xi - Horizontal axis
Yi - Vertical axis
n - Number of points on cross section
Related Calculator:
Earthwork Cross Section Volume
Formula Used:
V = ((A1 + A2) ×L) / 2
Where,
L - Length between two areas
A1 - Cross section area of first side
A2 - Cross section area of second side
V - Eathwork Volume
Related Calculator:
Concrete Slab Maximum Length
Formula
L = ( 0.00047hr (fsS) ^2 ) ^ ( 1/3 )
Where,
L = Slab Length,
hr = Thickness of reinforced slab,
fs = Yield strength of steel reinforcement,
S = Steel reinforcing ratio
Related Calculator:
Concrete Slab Volume
Formula Used:
Volume of concrete Slab = w × l × t
Where,
l - Length
w - Width
t - Thickness
Related Calculator:
Concrete Slab Maximum Wall Load
Formula:
P = 9.93 ( fc^0.5 )( te^2 ) ( ( k / (19000 ( fc^0.5 )( te^3 ) ) ) ^ 0.25
Where,
fc = Concrete compressive strength,
k = Modulus of subgrade reaction,
te = Slab thickness.
Related Calculator:
Maximum Floor Load Capacity
Formula:
w = 257.876s ( kh / E ) ^ 0.5
Where,
w = Maximum Allowable Stationary Live Load,
k = Modulus of subgrade reaction,
h = Thickness of slab,
s = Allowable extreme fiber stress in tension,
E = Modulus of elasticity.
Related Calculator:
Concrete Footing Volume
Formula Used:
Volume of concrete Footer = [ (ow × ol) − (iw × il) ] × t
Where,
ol - Outside Length
ow - Outside Width
il - Inside Length
iw - Inside Width
t - Thickness
Related Calculator:
Number of Cubic Yards Required for Concrete Column Fill
Formula:
Radius = diameter/24 cubic yards = (height*(radius)2*22/7)/27
Related Calculator:
Concrete Footing
Formulas Used:
Footing Pours = ( Diameter * ( Width / 12 ) ) * ( Depth / 12 ) / 27 );
Related Calculator:
Concrete Volume
Formula:
Concrete Volume = [( 22/7 )r2 * depth ) / 27 ] * Quantity
Related Calculator:
Block Wall Cubic Yards
Formula:
For size = 8inchCubic Yards to be filled = (L * W * 0.32 / 27);
For size = 12inch
Cubic Yards to be filled = (L * W * 0.51 / 27);
Related Calculator:
Cubic Yards of Circular Stepping Stones
Formula:
Single Stepping Stone = (Π X r2 X h) / 46656
Where,
h = Depth in inches
r = d / 2
d = Diameter in inches
Related Calculator:
Cubic Yards of Rectangular Stepping Stones
Formula:
Single Stepping Stone = (l X b X h) / 324
Where,
l = Length in feet
b = Width in feet
h = Depth in inches
Related Calculator:
Cubic Yards of Triangular Stepping Stones
Formula:
Single Stepping Stone = (l X b X h) / 648
Where,
l = Length in feet
b = Width in feet
h = Depth in inches
Related Calculator:
Block
Formula:
Number Of Blocks = (Length × Width) / Block SizeRelated Calculator:
Concrete Mix Ratio
Formula:
Volume= Width × Height × DepthCement = Volume × 320
Sharp Sand= Volume × 600
Gravel = Volume× 1200
Water = Volume × 176
Related Calculator:
Concrete Wall
Formula:
Concrete Wall (CW) = (Length × Thickness × Height) × 0.037037Related Calculator:
Concrete Driveways Cost
Formula:
Rectangle,C = L × W × T × R
Circle,
C = π × (M/2)2 × T × R
Footing,
C = L × W × D × R
Circular column,
C = π × (M/2)2 × D × R
Where,
C = Total Cost Of Concrete Driveways
L = Length(yard)
W = Width(yard)
T = Thickness(yard)
R = Cost
D = Depth(yard)
M=Diameter(yard)
Related Calculator:
Safe Speed For Horizontal Curve
Formula:
If Safe speed of Horizontal Curve greater than 50 mphSafe Speed for Horizontal curve ( V > 50mph ) = ( ( ( -0.03 × r ) + ( √ (((.03 × r) × (.03 × r)) + ((4 × r) × ((15 × (e / 100)) + 3.6))))) / 2)
If Safe speed of horizontal curve less than 50 mph
Safe Speed for Horizontal curve ( V < 50mph ) = ((( -.015 × rhname ) + ( √ ((( .015 × rhname ) × ( .015 × rhname )) + ((4 × rhname) × (( 15 × ( ehname / 100 )) + 2.85 ))))) / 2);
Where,
r = Radius of Horizontal Curve(ft)
e = Superelevation
Related Calculator:
Cornering Force
Formula:
t = u × m × g × sin(a)f = ( u × m × g × sin(a) ) + ( m × g × cos(a) )
v = √ (((( u × m × g × sin(a) ) + ( m × g × cos(a) )) × r ) / m )
Where,
t = Static Friction
u = Static Friction's Coefficient
m = Mass of Vehicle (kg)
g = Gravity Accelaration
r = Radius (m)
f = Total Net Force
v = Maximum Speed
a = Slope of the Road
Related Calculator:
Concrete Driveway
Formula:
A = l × bP = 2 × (l+b)
Where,
A = Drive way Area
P = Drive way Perimeter
l = Length
b = width
Related Calculator:
Roof Slope
Formula:
Run(inches)= ( 12 × Rise ) / Roof PitchSlope = ( Rise / Run ) × 100
Angle = tan-1( Rise / Run )
Related Calculator:
Roof Angle
Formula:
Run(inches) = ( Rise / Slope ) × 100Angle = tan-1( Rise /Run )
Roof Pitch = ( Rise /(Run/12) )
Related Calculator:
Roof Pitch
Formula:
Pitch = S / ( N / 12 )Slope = ( S / N ) × 100
Angle = tan-1 ( S / N )
Where,
S = Rise (inches)
N = Run (inches)
Related Calculator:
Rise Run Slope
Formula:
Run(inches) = Rise / tan(angle)Roof Pitch = Rise / ( Run/ 12 )
Slope = ( Rise / Run) × 100
Related Calculator:
Curve Surveying
Formula:
l = π × r × i / 180t = r × tan(i / 2)
e = ( r / cos(i / 2)) -r
c = 2 × r × sin(i / 2)
m = r - (r (cos(i / 2)))
d = 5729.58 / r
Where,
i = Deflection Angle
l = Length of Curve
r = Radius
t = Length of Tangent
e = External Distance
c = Length of Long Chord
m = Middle Ordinate
d = Degree of Curve Approximate
Related Calculator:
lb/ft<sup>3</sup> to kN/m<sup>3</sup> Conversion
Formula:
T = S × (9.81 kN/m³ / 62.4 lb/ft³)Where,
T = Total Unit Weight in kN/m³
S = Total Unit Weight in lb/ft³
Related Calculator:
Insulation
Civil Engineering Formulas Free
Formula:
Approximate Sq.Ft Needed = Area Width × Area HeightRelated Calculator:
Trapezoidal Footing Volume
Formula:
V = h / 3(A1 + A2 + √(A1 * A2))Where,
V = Volume of Trapezoid Footing
h = Height of Trapezoidal
A1 = Area of the Lower Shape
A2 = Area of the Upper Shape
A1 = m x n (Lower Height x Lower Breadth)
A2 = o x p (Upper Height x Upper Breadth)
Related Calculator:
Concrete Yardage
Formula:
Concrete Yardage = L × W × H/12 × 0.037037Where,
W = Width(ft)
L = Length(ft)
H =Thickness(inch)
Related Calculator:
Curb and Gutter Barrier Concrete Yardage
Formula:
Concrete Yardage = (l×(f/12.0×(g/12.0+h/12.0))+l×(h/12.0×h/12.0)) × 0.037037Where,
l = Length(ft)
f = Flag Thickness(inch)
g = Gutter Width(inch)
h = Curb Height(inch)
Related Calculator:
Concrete Wall
Formula:
Concrete Yardage = Length × Height × (Thickness /12) × 0.037037Related Calculator:
Concrete Footing Yard
Formula:
Concrete Yardage = Length × Width(inch) /12 × Height(inch) /12 × 0.037037Related Calculator:
Concrete Yards
Formula:
c =((((n × t/12.0)×(n×r/12.0))/2)+((n×(t/12.0×r/12.0))/2))×w × 0.037037Where,
c = Concrete Yardage
n = Number of stairs
t = Tread(inch)
r = Riser(inch)
w = Width(ft)
Related Calculator:
Concrete Volume
Formula:
V = H x B x WT = M + N + O
X = (M / T) x V
Y = (N / T) x V
Z = (O / T) x V
Where,
H = Height of Concrete
W = Width of Concrete
B = Breadth of Concrete
M = Cement Ratio
N = Sand Ratio
O = Coarse Ratio
V = Volume of Concrete
T = Total Ratio of ingredients
X = Cement Quantity
Y = Sand Quantity
Z = Coarse Quantity
Related Calculator:
Plaster
Formula:
V = A x TX = V x 1.54
C = X x (M / G)
S = X x (N / G)
Where,
T = Plastering Thickness
V = Volume of Cement Mortar
A = Area of Plastering
M = Ratio of Plastering Cement
N = Ratio of Plastering Sand
C = Cement Required (1 Part)
S = Sand Required (5 Part)
X = 35% Sand Bulkage
G = Total ratio (M+N )
Related Calculator:
Floor Tile
Formula:
Perimeter of Room = (2 x ( Room length + Room breadth)) - Door widthSkirting Tiles Area = Perimeter of Room x Skirting Tiles Height
Area of Room = Room length x Room Breadth
Total Area to be Laid = Area of Room + Skirting Tiles Area
Area of Tiles = Tiles length + Tiles Breadth
Number of Tiles We Need = (Total Area to be Laid / Area of Tiles) x Tiles Wastage%
Related Calculator:
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